Entrapment of median NERVE can be developed at multiple sites along this NERVE. One of the COMPRESSION sites of median NERVE is supracondylar area of humerous. Sometimes struther ligament or spur or both of them are the rare cause of entrapment syndrome of the median NERVE. Struther ligament or spur can compress ulnar NERVE and/or brachial artery. These cases may have median ulnar NERVE or brachial artery symptoms and they are sometimes asymptomatic which can accidentally be detected by radiography. Most commonly, these cases refer with median NERVE COMPRESSION syndrome and they complain about numbness and pain in their upper extremity. Sometimes pain radiates to shoulder and neck in the upper part and to hand in the lower part, that is mistakenly diagnosed as a sign of radiculopathy or other COMPRESSION neuropathies. The present study is a case report of a 25-year-old man who referred with having pain and numbness in right upper extremity.

Background: Chronic diabetes is substantially associated with circulatory disorders in lower limbs. Vacuum-COMPRESSION Therapy (VCT) has been commonly used in treatment of peripheral circulatory disorders. VCT is based on intermittent alteration of Positive- Negative pressure phases. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of VCT on diabetic subjects' peripheral blood flow.Methods: In this Before-After and case-series study, 18 type 2 diabetic subjects with diabetic neuropathy and/or peripheral vascular disease (PVD) completed the study. Subjects received 45 min of VCT for 10 sessions three times weekly. Blood flow (calf+foot) was measured via venous occlusion plethysmography.Results: Among Variables of "Arterial Inflow", "Venous Outflow", "Venous Capacity", "Postischemic Reactive Hyperemia" and "Peak Flow of Reactive Hyperemia", only "Venous Outflow" significantly improved after 10 sessions treatment via VCT (P<0.05).Conclusions: Arterial blood inflow, which was the most important determinant evaluated in this study, was not increased via VCT. Additional studies are required to investigate the effective VCT parameters and duration of each session and number of sessions, considering progressive and deteriorative natural history of diabetes.

The supracondylar process is a beak-like bony projection that arises from the anteromedial surface of the humerus. The process has rarely been associated with COMPRESSION of the median NERVE and seldom requires treatment. We report a case of a supracondylar process that caused tenting of the median NERVE with elbow extension and pronation.

Background and Objectives: Diabetes is assosiated with neuropatic disorders. It is related to vascular or ischemic disorders. Intermittent Pneumatic COMPRESSION (IPC) has been recomanded for treatment of peripheral circulatory disorders. IPC is based on phases of intermittent positive pressure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of IPC on diabetic peripheral neuropath.Materials and Methods: In this study, 17 subjects (13 men, 4 women) with diabetic neuropathy, were studied. They received 60 mmhg of IPC for 45 minutes in10 sessions, three time weekly. Neuropathy was measured by electrodiagnostic testes. Data were analyzed by using Repeated Measures ANOVA.Results: NERVE Conduction Velocity (NCV) of tibial, peronal and sural NERVEs significantly improved after the modally sessions.Conclusion: This study showed IPC therapy improwed diabetic neuropathy and increasing of NCV as a sign of improvement.

Sciatica is a radiating pain that starts from the buttock to the legs. Any condition that affects the sciatic NERVE within its intraspinal or extraspinal course may cause sciatica. The most common etiology is the lumbar disc herniation; however, bone tumors around the hip joint are rarely reported. Herein, we report a case of solitary osteochondroma of proximal femur that caused sciatic NERVE entrapment. The diagnosis was delayed due to the low level of suspicion and incorrect diagnostic imaging. Patients with sciatica should be thoroughly evaluated and extraspinal causes including space-occupying lesions along the course of the sciatic NERVE should be kept in mind, particularly when the symptoms do not respond to conservative management in recalcitrant cases with negative lumbar imaging findings.

Objective: von Frey Filament (vFF) is an aesthesiometer to measure paw withdrawal thresholds. Our aim was to validate the manually von Frey test technique for assessing neuropathic pain behavioral signs in a sciatic NERVE ligation model. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, peripheral neuropathic pain associated with sciatic NERVE chronic ligation (SN-CL) was induced. Filaments used against posterior pad mid-plantar region using a simplified up-down method (SUDO). In addition to baseline withdrawal thresholds, the behavioral test was repeated after surgery thrice more with an interval of ten days. vFF (2 to 26 g) were used in ascending order for hyperalgesia assessment. Results: In SN-CL rats, the results validate a loss of pain sensation, resulted in, long-lasting ipsilateral allodynia with the development of contralateral allodynia later and an extraterritorial development of neuropathic signs. Variability for the development of ipsilateral and contralateral allodynia over time was noted in sham (SH) control rats. SN-CL group showed a contralateral hyperalgesia development just at the 16th-day after surgery with an absence of ipsilateral hyperalgesia development at the different days of paw withdrawal thresholds measurements. Conclusion: Manually vFF test technique was successfully used for assessing neuropathic pain behavioral signs in sciatic a NERVE ligation model with the absence of ipsilateral hyperalgesia development.

Introduction & Objective: The anatomical study of the COMPRESSION site of median NERVE in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome can result in to better understanding of carpal tunnel anatomy and the narrowest location of carpal tunnel. This study was performed to have a better understanding of the carpal tunnel anatomy.Materials & Methods: Forty patients with severe idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, who had undergone carpal tunnel release, were entered in this study. The length of COMPRESSION area in median NERVE, the distance between the middle of COMPRESSION area and distal wrist crease were determined. Results: From these 40 patients 38 were women and 2 were men. The mean age of these patients was 54±6.5(37-76) years. The mean length of COMPRESSION area was 6±1 (3-10) millimeter and the mean distance between the middle of COMPRESSION area and distal wrist crease was 23±3.5 (18-26) millimeter. This area was adjacent to the hook of the hamate.Conclusions: According to the results of present study on the anatomy of median NERVE in carpal tunnel, the location of the narrowest area and the site with most COMPRESSION correspond to the location of the hook of the hamate bone.